Investment Basics: Duration

Investment Basics: Duration

Learn the basics of bonds, including the concept of duration.

  • Duration, the most commonly used measure of bond risk, quantifies the effect of changes in interest rates on the price of a bond or bond portfolio.
  • The longer the duration, the more sensitive the bond or portfolio is likely to be to changes in interest rates.

What is Duration?

Duration is the most commonly used measure of risk in bond investing. Duration incorporates a bond’s yield, coupon, maturity and call features into one number, expressed in years, that indicates how price-sensitive a bond or portfolio is to changes in interest rates.

There are a number of ways to calculate duration, but the term generally refers to effective duration, defined as the approximate percentage change in price for a 100 basis point change in yield. For example, the price of a bond with an effective duration of two years will rise (fall) 2 per cent for every 1 per cent decrease (increase) in yield, and the price of a five-year duration bond will rise (fall) 5 per cent for a 1 per cent decrease (increase) in rates. The longer the duration, the more sensitive a bond is to changes in interest rates.

 

 

Different Duration Measures

Other methods of calculating duration are applicable in different situations, which we use to enhance our understanding of how bond portfolios will react in different interest-rate scenarios:

  • Curve Duration: this measures a portfolio’s price sensitivity to changes in the shape of the yield curve (that is, a steepening or flattening).

A portfolio’s curve duration is considered positive if it has more exposure to the 2- to 10-year part of the curve.

A portfolio with positive curve duration will perform well as the yield curve steepens, but will perform poorly as the yield curve flattens. A portfolio with negative curve duration has greater exposure to the 10- to 30-year portion of the curve. It will be a poor performer as the yield curve steepens and a strong performer as the yield curve flattens.

  • Spread Duration: this estimates the price sensitivity of a specific sector or asset class to a 100 basis-point movement (either widening or narrowing) in its spread relative to government bonds.
  • Total Curve Duration: this indicates a portfolio’s price sensitivity to changes in the shape of the yield curve relative to its benchmark’s sensitivity to those same changes (see Curve Duration above for characteristics of positive vs. negative portfolios).

The Uses of Duration Tools

Duration can be used in response to expected changes in the economic environment. If the outlook on bonds is bullish (that is, interest rates are expected to fall), duration is then extended. If the outlook on bonds is bearish, interest rates are expected to rise and duration is then reduced.

Fund managers also use duration in an attempt to construct the most appropriate portfolio for a given investor. They may choose to create:

  • Low-duration portfolios, which maintain average portfolio duration of one-to three-years, should be less volatile than longer-duration strategies which are often used as an alternative for traditional cash vehicles such as money market funds. In a low interest-rate environment, a low-duration portfolio can be a higher yielding alternative to money market funds to investors willing to accept additional risk in pursuit of greater return.
  • Moderate-duration portfolios, which maintain average portfolio durations ranging from two-to five-years, could be appropriate for investors seeking higher returns than those offered by money market or short-term investments, but who are averse to a higher level of interest rate risk as measured by duration.
  • Long-duration portfolios, which maintain average portfolio durations ranging from six to 25 years, offer a relatively stable alternative to equities. They may be suitable for an investor looking for a closer match between the duration of their portfolio and their liabilities. Longer- duration strategies tend to benefit from uncertainty in the financial markets that might result in, for example, equity- market volatility or a flight to quality assets such as high quality government bonds.

Equal Duration Does Not Mean Equal Returns

Although duration is an important tool in constructing portfolios, portfolios with the same duration don’t necessarily provide equal returns.

  • For example, a hypothetical portfolio of 10-year government bonds returned 15.4 per cent from October 2000 to October 2001. During the same period, a portfolio of two-year and 30-year government bonds with the same duration as the portfolio of 10-year government bonds produced a return of 11.8 per cent (a difference of 360 basis points).

Why did the two hypothetical portfolios with equal duration have such different returns? Because yields on government bonds of different maturities rarely move in unison. In general, the yield curve tends to steepen when interest rates are declining and flatten as interest rates rise.

  • In the example above, the yield on the 10-year government bonds dropped from 5.80 per cent to 4.59 per cent from October 2000 to October 2001, a 121-basis-point decline. The portfolio consisting of two-year and 30-year government bonds was affected by the significant steepening of the yield curve over the period in question. The 30-year bond went from yielding 14 basis points less than the two-year note in October 2000 to yielding 265 basis points more in October 2001, a 279-basis- point steepening.

Source: PIMCO https://www.pimco.com.au/en-au/resources/education/investment-basics-duration

If you have questions and would like your financial situation to be evaluated, please email us on ds@bluerocke.com with your contacts, for an exploratory meeting, at our cost, not yours.

Investment Basics: Benchmarks

Investment Basics: Benchmarks

Learn the basics of benchmarks, including the crucial role a benchmark serves in investing.

  • There are many different fixed interest indexes that can be used as benchmarks for a fixed- interest portfolio.
  • Choosing the right benchmark for a portfolio is important because the benchmark establishes the risk and return parameters for managing the portfolio.
  • The right benchmark for a given portfolio will depend on the investor’s goals for the portfolio, including the required return, the level of short-term and longer-term risk the investor is willing to assume, and other performance characteristics and requirements, including liquidity.

At a glance

A benchmark serves a crucial role in investing. Often a market index, a benchmark provides a starting point for a portfolio manager to construct a portfolio and directs how that portfolio should be managed on an ongoing basis from the perspectives of both risk and return. It also allows investors to gauge the relative performance of their portfolios; an annual return of 6% on a diversified bond portfolio may seem strong, but if the portfolio’s benchmark returns 7% over the same time period, the bond portfolio has fallen short of its goal.

The number of benchmarks is virtually endless, and selecting the right one is not always easy. To try to simplify the selection process, we examine:

  • What is a benchmark?
  • How is a benchmark calculated? and
  • How and why might a portfolio’s performance differ from its benchmark?

In Benchmarks: Selecting a Benchmark, we also look at the factors to consider when trying to find the best benchmark for an investment portfolio.

What is a Benchmark?

In most cases, investors choose a market index, or combination of indexes, to serve as the portfolio benchmark. An index tracks the performance of a broad asset class, such as all listed stocks, or a narrower slice of the market, such as technology company stocks. Because indexes track returns on a buy-and-hold basis and make no attempt to determine which securities are the most attractive, they represent a “passive” investment approach and can provide a good benchmark against which to compare the performance of a portfolio that is actively managed. Using an index, it is possible to see how much value an active manager adds and where – that is, through which investments – that value is added.

The following are among the most widely followed share indexes, or benchmarks:

 

Numerous other equity indexes have been designed to track the performance of various market sectors and segments. Because shares trade on open exchanges and prices are public, the major indexes are maintained by publishing companies like Dow Jones and the Financial Times, or the stock exchanges.

Fixed income securities do not typically trade on open exchanges, and bond prices are therefore less transparent. As a result, the most commonly used fixed income indexes are those created by large broker-dealers that buy and sell bonds, including Barclays Capital (which now also manages the indexes originally created by Lehman Brothers), Citigroup, J.P. Morgan, and BofA Merrill Lynch. Widely known indexes include the Barclays Global Aggregate Bond Index, tracking the largest global bond issuers. The Bloomberg AusBond Composite 0+ Yr Index, is the most widely used Australian fixed interest benchmark.

Source: PIMCO https://www.pimco.com.au/en-au/resources/education/investment-basics-benchmarks

If you have questions and would like your financial situation to be evaluated, please email us on ds@bluerocke.com with your contacts, for an exploratory meeting, at our cost, not yours.

Transferring your wealth to the next generation

Key takeaways

  • Start the conversation early so younger generations understand what they’re likely to inherit
  • There are strategies that can help to ensure your wealth passes in a tax-efficient manner
  • Testamentary trusts can be beneficial if you want your wealth to remain in your direct blood line.

We spend a lifetime generating wealth but few of us spend the time to ensure it’s passed on in the way we want it to.

Having a plan in place for how and when you want your wealth to be transferred, will help all parties understand your intentions and the process.

While there isn’t a one-size-fits-all approach, we’ve highlighted a few considerations to get you started.

Start the conversation early

Before any plan is implemented, it’s crucial that families have honest conversations about their wealth so younger generations understand what they’re likely to inherit.

This will help your beneficiaries prepare and have a planned purpose for how it should be used. It also means they have time to seek professional help if needed.

Another benefit of these conversations is they present an opportunity to talk about any long-term goals you may have. For instance, you may want your beneficiaries to set up a retirement account, allocate it to their kids’ education or support a cause you love.

Seek help from a professional

If you value the experience of experts in other aspects of your life, don’t discount it when it comes to managing your life savings.

A financial adviser is not just someone who helps with investments. Their job is to help you with every aspect of your financial life—savings, insurance, tax, debt—while keeping you on track to achieve your goals.

More importantly, they can answer questions like:

  • What age can I stop working and retire?
  • What strategies can I use to build my wealth?
  • How can I ensure my wealth is transferred to my children?

If your to-do list is endless and you never quite have time to tackle your personal finances, a financial adviser may help to set you on the right track.

Tax implications

Depending on your circumstances, there are strategies that can help to ensure your wealth passes in a tax-efficient manner.

Super

One of the most common methods of wealth transfer is through super. But when a family member dies and their super is passed to beneficiaries—such as their children who are financially independent—death benefit taxes on some or all of the benefit may apply1.

The payment of super benefits to beneficiaries on death may also be challenged by those who felt they didn’t receive the share they were entitled to.

One option that may help to avoid these outcomes is to withdraw super after you’re retired, rather than on death. This can also reduce death benefit taxes too.

Gifting

Transferring wealth via gifting can be a good option as you won’t have to pay tax on the money you give. It can however, affect you financially if you’re receiving social security benefits and you exceed the gift limits.

You’re entitled to gift up to $10,000 in cash gifts and assets each financial year and up to $30,000 over five consecutive years2. If you exceed this limit it may reduce your social security benefit.

An alternative to gifting that you may prefer is loaning wealth to family members. A loan to a family member will not affect your social security benefit and can usually be recalled if, for example, the family member’s marriage or de facto relationship breaks down.

Capital Gains Tax

If you choose to transfer the ownership of assets while you’re still alive, a capital gains tax (CGT) event may occur. By contrast, CGT will generally not apply at the time ownership of assets is transferred to beneficiaries via a deceased estate.

Consider setting up a trust

Some people choose to pass their wealth to their intended beneficiaries via a testamentary trust rather than leave all their assets directly to them.

One of the main benefits of testamentary trusts is they can enable your wealth to remain in your bloodline (ie pass to your lineal descendants). It also enables wealth to pass in a manner that protects beneficiaries who may be vulnerable due to marriage or a relationship breakdown, or due to their profession or a business they operate.

In other cases, testamentary trusts can simply preserve wealth by ensuring it is not misspent by beneficiaries on poor lifestyle choices or investment decisions.

These trusts, which are written into the will when planning your estate affairs can have significant tax benefits too.

For example, if a beneficiary receives their inheritance under their personal name, they may be liable to pay additional tax on investment earnings or capital gains at their personal marginal tax rate. However, if they take the inheritance through a testamentary trust, particularly where the beneficiary has a high personal marginal tax rate, they may not be liable for as much tax as income can be generally be split with the beneficiary’s other family members, including young children.

Depending on your circumstances, you may even choose to set up separate trusts for each beneficiary. This will enable them to invest the way they want and manage their finances independently over the long-term.

Write a will and update it

One of the simplest things that people often overlook is writing a will. This document is the bones to any successful wealth transfer plan and must be updated regularly to ensure any major life changes are accounted for. This can include anything from getting married or having children, to selling the family home.

1Australian Taxation Office – Tax on benefits: https://www.ato.gov.au/individuals/super/withdrawing-and-using-your-super/tax-on-benefits 10 March 2021

2Australian Government Services Australia – Gifting: https://www.servicesaustralia.gov.au/individuals/topics/gifting/27276 17 June 2020

If you have questions and would like your financial situation to be evaluated, please email us on ds@bluerocke.com with your contacts, for an exploratory meeting, at our cost, not yours.

Article source MLC https://www.mlc.com.au/personal/blog/2021/04/transferring-your-wealth

How to build wealth in your 30s

Key takeaways
  • Investing with a long-term plan means you’re less likely to be affected by short-term market fluctuations
  • Keeping track of your expenses versus income can help identify possible savings to pay off debt
  • Adding more to your super on a regular basis offers tax benefits in addition to improving your retirement.

To all the thirty-somethings out there, now’s your time to shine! These are the years that will shape the rest of your life.

If you’re looking for a bright future—that’s not held back by financial worry—here’s four simple tips to start building wealth now so you can chill later.

1. Consider long-term investing 

Having time on your side—one of the great benefits of being in your 30s—can mean a great deal in the investing world.

Why? If you invest with a long-term plan, you’re less likely to be affected by short-term volatility.

With growth assets like shares and property, your chance of a negative return gets lower the longer you invest. In your 30s you’re in a better position to use that pattern to your advantage – to take on more risk to generate higher returns, if you choose to.

Shares

Generally speaking, shares outperform many other investments over the long term.1

There’s also the benefit of dividends. If you invest in companies that pay dividends, you’ll benefit from part of the company’s profits paid to shareholders (generally twice a year). That can be handy income – or reinvested to keep growing your capital.

Property

Owning an investment property may be another way to generate a good income stream – with tenants paying you rent. This income may also help to pay off your mortgage so you can capitalise on another investment later in life.

Like shares, Australian residential property has delivered strong long-term returns.2 While less volatile than shares, it’s important to note property values do change depending on supply and demand in the market.

2.  Seek help from a professional 

If you value the experience of experts in other aspects of your life, don’t discount it when it comes to managing your life savings.

A financial adviser is not just someone who helps with investments. Their job is to help you with every aspect of your financial life—savings, insurance, tax, debt—while keeping you on track to achieve your goals.

More importantly, they can answer questions like:

  • How can I pay off my mortgage faster and reduce my debt?
  • What strategies can I use to build my wealth?
  • What age can I stop working and retire?

If your to-do list is endless and you never quite have time to tackle your personal finances, a financial adviser may help to set you on the right track.

3. Gain control of your debt

Debt management is a crucial skill when it comes to managing money, saving and planning for the future.

Whether it’s a credit card, personal loan or a mortgage you’re paying off, setting priorities and keeping track of your expenses/income to identify potential savings may help to pay off debts sooner. And the sooner you pay off your debts, the more money you can invest for a better lifestyle in future.

Set priorities

If you have more than one outstanding debt, consider working out how much you can repay on each, based on the minimum repayment owing.

Alternatively, if you’re able to repay more than the minimum, look at prioritising your debts. You’ll need to think about the type of debt you have—an investment loan or personal debt—and how much is owing. If you only have personal debt, you could prioritise repaying debts with the highest interest rate first, given these will be costing you the most.

Keep track of expenses and income

Having a clear picture about what you earn versus what you spend can highlight areas where you could save more. Whatever income you’re able to save can then be allocated towards your debt.

There are budget planners and phone apps you can use to track your spending. Alternatively, you can simply download your bank statements and keep a record of your receipts.

4. Add more to your super

Super is one way to generate wealth over the long-term due to compounding returns. Compound returns is the way your balance increases if you give your investment time for the growth you got this year to grow again next year – and the year after that and the year after that.

In your 30s you’ve got time to get compound returns on your side. One way to maximise this benefit is to contribute more into your super on a regular basis. You can do this using your before or after-tax income and there may be tax benefits that come with this too.

For example, if you contribute some of your after-tax income or savings into super, you may be eligible to claim a tax deduction.

Be mindful of contribution caps though. They limit the amount of super contributions you’re able to make each year if you want to avoid paying tax at your marginal tax rate rather than the concessional rate of
15%.

 

If you have questions and would like your financial situation to be evaluated, please email us on ds@bluerocke.com with your contacts, for an exploratory meeting, at our cost, not yours.

Article Source: https://www.mlc.com.au/personal/blog/2020/12/how_to_build_wealth_in_your_30s

6 financial moves to make in your 50s and 60s

Key takeaways:

  • Once you understand the type of lifestyle you want in retirement, you can start implementing a plan
  • Adding more to your super on a regular basis can help to increase your retirement savings
  • An estate plan is important to ensure your wealth is passed on to who and how you want.

Once you hit your 50s and 60s, retirement is no longer something happening far off into the future. In fact, it’s at your doorstep.

Now is the time to really figure out where you stand financially, reassess your long-term goals, and focus on planning your future.

Here are six smart financial moves that may make the next few decades the best years of your life.

1. Decide on your retirement lifestyle

With a clear idea of the type of retirement lifestyle you’re after, you can start implementing a plan to turn your retirement dreams into reality.

Some things to consider are:

  • How often you would like to travel – and the types of holidays you’d like to take Your travel plans might have gone out the window for now, but that doesn’t stop you planning for the future
  • Whether a sea change or tree change is part of your plan?
  • Downsizing – or upsizing. What are your accommodation plans in the future?
  • Do you want to provide financial assistance to your family?
  • In your later years, what options would you like to have in relation to help and support at home, or perhaps in a retirement village or aged care facility?

2. Seek help from a professional

If you value the experience of experts in other aspects of your life, don’t discount it when it comes to managing your life savings.

A financial adviser is not just someone who helps with investments. Their job is to help you with every aspect of your financial life—savings, insurance, tax, debt—while keeping you on track to achieve your goals.

More importantly, they can answer questions like:

  • What age can I stop working and retire?
  • What strategies can I use to build my wealth?
  • How can I ensure my wealth is transferred to my children?

If your to-do list is endless and you never quite have time to tackle your personal finances, a financial adviser may help to set you on the right track.

3. Increase your retirement savings

One way to ensure you can enjoy your desired retirement lifestyle is to add more into your super on a regular basis.

You can do this using your before or after-tax income. If you make a personal contribution, you may be eligible to claim a tax deduction too. This means you’ll reduce your taxable income and potentially pay less tax, while adding to your super balance. It’s a win-win!

Be mindful of contribution caps though. They limit the amount of super contributions you’re able to make each year if you want to avoid paying tax at your marginal tax rate rather than the concessional rate of 15%.

4. Pay off your debt

The lower your expenses in retirement, the longer your savings will last.

So, if you have significant debt, you should also have a plan to proactively clear that debt, such as mortgage repayments or personal loans. This will strengthen your financial position when you retire.

Speaking to a financial adviser can help determine the best way to reduce your debt as you move into retirement, while also making sure your saving towards retirement is on track.

5. Diversify your investment portfolio

At this stage in your life, you don’t want your investments to be derailed by external market factors which are out of your control.

Investing your money across multiple different asset classes—shares, property, bonds, cash—will help to lower your investment risk. This strategy—diversification—works because different investment types perform well at different times so if one area of your portfolio falls, another may be rising. Having a variety of investments helps balance out your overall risk.

You may also want to consider speaking to a financial adviser as they can review your investments to assess where you currently stand and determine if your investment portfolio needs adjusting.

6. Set up an estate plan or a will

An estate plan is a collection of legal documents that outlines how you want your assets distributed when you die. Crucially, it also includes how you want your health and financial decisions handled (and by who) if you’re unable to make them yourself.

Most estate plans have a will which names an executor to manage the distribution of your assets as you intend. A solicitor (or the Public Trustee) can help you with this.

In essence, having an estate plan in place can help you feel more confident about the future, knowing your loved ones will be taken care of, and that the legacy you leave behind is the one you want – we recommend you speak with a financial adviser. You can also visit the retirement section on our website, which includes a range of tools and resources to help kick-start your retirement.

Important information and disclaimer

This article has been prepared by NULIS Nominees (Australia) Limited ABN 80 008 515 633 AFSL 236465 (NULIS) as trustee of the MLC Super Fund ABN 70 732 426 024. The information in this article is current as at April 2021 and may be subject to change. This information may constitute general advice. The information in this article is factual in nature and does not take into account personal objectives, financial situation or needs. You should consider obtaining independent advice before making any financial decisions based on this information. You should not rely on this article to determine your personal tax obligations. Please consult a registered tax agent for this purpose. Opinions constitute our judgement at the time of issue. In some cases information has been provided to us by third parties and while that information is believed to be accurate and reliable, its accuracy is not guaranteed in any way. Subject to terms implied by law and which cannot be excluded, NULIS does not accept responsibility for any loss or liability incurred by you in respect of any error, omission or misrepresentation in the information in this communication. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future performance. The value of an investment may rise or fall with the changes in the market

Source: MLC https://www.mlc.com.au/personal/blog/2020/12/6_financial_moves_to_make_in_your_50s_and_60s

How high-earning women can build their wealth.

More and more women are succeeding in high-paying careers. Here’s how to ensure today’s generous salary secures tomorrow’s future.

While the gender wage gap remains largely stagnant – with the Workplace Gender Equality Agency reporting that women today earn 13.4 per cent less than men – the past two decades have seen a rise in the number of women pursuing high-income careers.

They’re also demanding more – more money and more flexibility.

“Today, women are putting themselves and their careers first, and raising a family is sometimes being pushed back to later in life or not at all,” says MLC Financial Adviser Debbie Fing.

It’s become widely accepted that women are experts in their fields, Fing says, often bringing an even greater range of skills to their profession than their male counterparts.

“Hence, women are earning more, having less time out of the workforce, and demanding equal opportunities for promotion and advancement.” For those women earning good salaries now, the opportunity is to look to the future.

Money matters

As income increases, so too does the opportunity to build on and protect that wealth. That’s not only setting you up for the future but helping prepare you for unforeseen – or even planned – life experiences, whether that’s starting a family, caring for ageing parents, illness, redundancy, or death.

The fact is, despite promising changes in the domestic distribution of labour, women continue to bear the brunt in these areas, as figures from the Workplace Gender Equality Agency show. Of their average weekly working time, women spend 64 per cent on unpaid care work, compared to 36 per cent for men2. To facilitate care, women often choose part-time employment, or employment below their skill level, to the extent that they are in part-time employment at three times the rate of men. Women also disproportionately take time out of the workforce to have children or care for parents, and can be left particularly vulnerable in the face of a sudden withdrawal, for whatever reason, of their or their partner’s income.

Add it all together and the discrepancy shows up in women’s superannuation balances. According to the Association of Superannuation Funds of Australia (ASFA), there’s a 42 per cent difference: men aged 55 to 64 had an average super balance of $270,710 in 2017-18, compared to women’s average balance of $157,050.

As such, it’s critical for women to make the most of their income while it’s being generated, to ensure financial security during periods outside of the workforce. Even in the best-case scenario, taking ownership of your financial future will leave you empowered by your ability to build on your hard-earned wealth, and enjoy the additional fruits of your labour.

Get clear on your goals

It may be that you want to buy a property or boost your superannuation by contributing additional funds. Or you may want to finance your children’s education. Further down the track, you may want to move into part-time employment or set yourself up for a comfortable retirement.

There are many ways you can build your wealth and make your money work for you – through being smarter with your money, including through saving and investing. But first you have to get a sense of your immediate and longer-term goals, Fing says. Understanding your goals can help you identify what really matters to you, and what you need to do to get there.

Regarding retirement, ask yourself questions like: What age do I want to retire? How much money would I need to retire then? How is my superannuation balance tracking to deliver on that? Take a look at retirement calculators to help you get a steer on what you have versus what you might need.

Regarding wealth building, consider questions like: How comfortable am I with risk? Would I rather pay down my mortgage first or invest to build wealth? What kind of investment vehicles – property or shares, exchange traded funds (ETFs) or superannuation – am I most comfortable with? What does my dream financial scenario look like at various ages in the future?

Once you know what you want to achieve, and what you’ve got to work with, setting up your savings or investment plan becomes much clearer.

Investing doesn’t have to be hard

Investing can seem like an overwhelming concept, and many people assume you need a lot of money to get started.

The truth is, you can start investing with as little as $100.

There are multiple ways to go about investing, whether it’s directly through a broker or indirectly via an ETF or managed fund. Depending on the level of risk you’re willing to take on, there are more aggressive vehicles, like government bonds. But if you are comfortable with the idea of more volatile options, you might consider blue chip shares.

Many Australians invest in property and, with mortgage interest rates at record lows, it’s appealing.

The important thing is to do your homework first. It’s also a good idea to seek the help of a financial adviser so you can better understand what you have and what you need, and what your options are.

Start with your superannuation

Growing your superannuation is one of the easiest and most tax-effective ways to build future wealth.

Unlike your salary, your super contributions are taxed at up to 15 per cent.* If you’re able to, you should consider topping it up, either as a one-off payment or via regular additional contributions. These can be made before tax or claimed as a tax deduction at the end of the year. Either way, they are an effective way to capitalise on your higher income.

At the same time, find out where and how your super is invested – its risk profile and its growth patterns. If your money is in more than one super fund, make sure you consolidate it into one account so you are not paying additional fees that erode your balance and earnings.

Seeking support on your journey

The good news is, anyone can use their income to build wealth, and there are many ways you can do so.

With the support of a professional financial adviser you can name your goals and draw up a financial plan that includes detailed strategies to make sure you are making the most of your money. It’s a great way to move ahead and build your future.

 

If you have questions and would like your financial situation to be evaluated, please email us on ds@bluerocke.com with your contacts, for an exploratory meeting, at our cost, not yours.

Article Source: https://www.mlc.com.au/personal/blog/2021/08/high-earning-women